Abstract: This paper investigates the application of blockchain technologies
and smart contracts in decentralized spectrum management, focusing on market-
based models. Through a Rapid Review (Scopus, 2021–2023) supplemented by
snowballing, 35 studies were analyzed to identify advancements in decentralized
markets. The results highlight that: Blockchain-based transaction models ena-
ble automation and cost reduction; Non-fungible tokens (ERC-721) represent
spectrum bands with technical granularity, while ERC-1155 offers hybrid fle-
xibility (fungible/non-fungible); Temporary assignment favors flexibility, while
definitive allocation ensures stability for long-term investments. It is concluded
that integrating blockchain with dynamic spectrum policies enhances transpa-
rency, security, and digital inclusion.